History 4: Christendom
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1. Orientation12 Steps
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1.1 – Introduction & How to Take Notes (16 min video)
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1.1 – Read Table of Contents
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1.2 – The Meaning of Life (17 min video)
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1.2 – Read Alexis de Tocqueville Quote
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1.3 – Why School? (16 min video)
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1.3 – Read Quotations on Learning
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1.4 – Why History? (15 min video)
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1.4 – Read Quotations on the Study of History
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1.5 – Portfolio and Project 1: Family Tree (13 min video)
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1.5 – Lesson 1 Portfolio
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1.5 – Lesson 1 Exam
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1.6 – Begin Family Tree and Heraldic Crest Project
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1.1 – Introduction & How to Take Notes (16 min video)
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2. Eternity in Operation: The Roman Principate and the New Testament Church11 Steps
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2.1 – Tiberius & Pentecost (29 min video)
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2.1 – Read Acts 1-2
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2.2 – Caligula and the Early Church (27 min video)
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2.2 – Read Acts 6-7
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2.3 – Claudius, James & Paul (24 min video)
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2.3 – Read Selections from Acts
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2.4 – The Missions of Paul (23 min video)
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2.4 – Read Philippians
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2.5 – Nero and the 12 Apostles (22 min video)
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2.5 – Lesson 2 Portfolio
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2.5 – Lesson 2 Exam
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2.1 – Tiberius & Pentecost (29 min video)
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3. Imperium sine Fine: The Successions of Rome, Judea, and the Apostolic Church11 Steps
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3.1 – Vespasian, Titus and the Destruction of Jerusalem (29 min video)
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3.1 – Read The Sack of Jerusalem
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3.2 – Epicurean Rome (25 min video)
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3.2 – Read Juvenal
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3.3 – Roman Persecution and the Apostolic Fathers (21 min video)
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3.3 – Read The Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians
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3.4 – The New Testament Canon (16 min video)
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3.4 – Read The Belgic Confession and Scripture
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3.5 – Early Christian Worship and Art (24 min video)
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3.5 – Lesson 3 Portfolio
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3.5 – Lesson 3 Exam
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3.1 – Vespasian, Titus and the Destruction of Jerusalem (29 min video)
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4. The World That Died in the Night: Christianity, the Church Fathers, and the Transformation of Culture11 Steps
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4.1 – The Spread of Christianity (29 min video)
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4.1 – Read The Didache
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4.2 – The Effects of Christianity on Culture (25 min video)
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4.2 – Read W.E.H. Lecky
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4.3 – The Sanctity of Life, Marcus Aurelius and Justin Martyr (26 min video)
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4.3 – Read Justin Martyr
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4.4 – Persecutions, the Gnostics and Irenaeus of Lyon (23 min video)
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4.4 – Read The Diary of Perpetua
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4.5 – The Five Patriarchates, Origen and Tertullian (17 min video)
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4.5 – Lesson 4 Portfolio
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4.5 – Lesson 4 Exam
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4.1 – The Spread of Christianity (29 min video)
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5. A Creed and Still a Gospel: Constantine, Nicea and Athanasius11 Steps
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5.1 – Diocletian, the Tetrarchy and the Great Persecution (30 min video)
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5.1 – Read "The Martyrs of Palestine"
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5.2 – Constantine I (24 min video)
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5.2 – Read The Edict of Toleration and The Edict of Milan
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5.3 – Constantine II (29 min video)
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5.3 – Read Account of Constantinople
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5.4 – The Council of Nicea (19 min video)
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5.4 – Read Nicene Creed
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5.5 – Anthony of the Desert & Athanasius (18 min video)
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5.5 – Lesson 5 Portfolio
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5.5 – Lesson 5 Exam
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5.1 – Diocletian, the Tetrarchy and the Great Persecution (30 min video)
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6. Centripetal & Centrifugal Forces: The Barbarians, the Church and the Fall of Rome12 Steps
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6.1 – Constantine's Sons & Julian the Apostate (31 min video)
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6.1 – Read Letter to Arsacius
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6.2 – Basil of Caesarea & Theodosius (27 min video)
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6.2 – Read Theodosian Code and St. Basil
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6.3 – The Council of Constantinople, Post-Nicene Fathers and the Barbarians (23 min video)
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6.3 – Read Gregory Nazianzus and John Chrysostom
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6.4 – Jerome, the Council of Ephesus and the Council of Chalcedon (19 min video)
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6.4 – Read Letter of Jerome
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6.5 – Attila the Hun, Leo the Great and the End of the Roman Empire (20 min video)
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6.5 – Lesson 6 Portfolio
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6.5 – Lesson 6 Exam
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6.5 - Family Tree and Heraldic Tree Reminder
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6.1 – Constantine's Sons & Julian the Apostate (31 min video)
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7. Only the Lover Sings: Augustine of Hippo11 Steps
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7.1 – Ambrose & Chant (24 min video)
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7. 1 – Read St. Ambrose of Milan
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7.2 – Augustine's Early Life & Conversion (23 min video)
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7.2 – Read Confessions
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7.3 – Augustine’s Ministry (20 min video)
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7.3 – Read The Great Prayer
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7.4 – Augustine’s Writings I (22 min video)
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7.4 – Read more Confessions
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7.5 – Augustine’s Writings II (18 min video)
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7.5 – Read City of God (in place of exam)
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7.5 – Lesson 7 Portfolio
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7.1 – Ambrose & Chant (24 min video)
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8. The Long Defeat: Byzantium11 Steps
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8.1 – Introduction to Byzantium (26 min video)
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8.1 – Read To My Old House
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8.2 – Justinian & Theodora I (28 min video)
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8.2 – Read Corpus Juris Civilis
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8.3 – Justinian & Theodora II (26 min video)
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8.3 – Read on Hagia Sophia
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8.4 – Byzantine Religion, Art and Education (29 min video)
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8.4 – Metropolitan Museum of Art's Byzantine collection
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8.5 – Cyril, Methodius and the Mission to the East (20 min video)
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8.5 – Lesson 8 Portfolio
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8.5 – Lesson 8 Exam
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8.1 – Introduction to Byzantium (26 min video)
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9. There is No God But Allah: Islam11 Steps
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9.1 – Introduction to Islam and the Life of Mohammed I (29 min video)
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9.1 – Read The Koran
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9.2 – The Life of Mohammed II and the Five Pillars (31 min video)
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9.2 – Read Hadith
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9.3 – Jihad and Mohammed's Successors (22 min video)
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9.3 – Read the Sura and Mohammed
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9.4 – The Abbasid Caliphate and Islamic Art (23 min video)
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9.4 – View Islamic Art
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9.5 – Islamic Science (18 min video)
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9.5 – Lesson 9 Portfolio
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9.5 – Lesson 9 Exam
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9.1 – Introduction to Islam and the Life of Mohammed I (29 min video)
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10. How the Celts Saved Civilization: Christianity in Ireland and Britain11 Steps
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10.1 – The Celts and Roman Britain (32 min video)
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10.1 – Read Celtic Hymn
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10.2 – Christianity in Britannia and Caledonia, the Roman Flight and King Arthur (32 min video)
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10.2 – Read King Arthur Narrative
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10.3 – Ireland and Patrick (26 min video)
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10.3 – Read St. Patrick's Confession
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10.4 – Columba, Brendan and Augustine of Canterbury (29 min video)
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10.4 – Read Irish Poetry
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10.5 – Aidan, the Council of Whitby and the Venerable Bede (22 min video)
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10.5 – Lesson 10 Portfolio
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10.5 – Lesson 10 Exam
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10.1 – The Celts and Roman Britain (32 min video)
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11. The Holy Roman Empire: Benedict & Monasticism, Gregory the Great & Worship, Charlemagne & Education11 Steps
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11.1 – Benedict & Monasticism (34 min video)
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11.1 – Read St. Benedict
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11.2 – Gregory the Great & Worship (27 min video)
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11.2 – Listen to "Deum Verum"
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11.3 – The Germans, Clovis, the Merovinginians and Boniface (33 min video)
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11.3 – Read Letter to Boniface
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11.4 – Pepin the Short & Charlemagne (31 min video)
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11.4 – Read the Life of Charlemagne
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11.5 – Carolingian Education, Alcuin and the Trivium (21 min video)
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11.5 – Read Letters of Charlemagne (in place of exam)
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11.5 – Lesson 11 Portfolio
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11.1 – Benedict & Monasticism (34 min video)
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12. The Ballad of the White Horse: The Norse and Alfred the Great11 Steps
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12.1 – The Ancient Norse and Their Myths (22 min video)
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12.1 – Read Odin's Reward
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12.2 – Norse Mythology, Religion, and Culture (30 min video)
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12.2 – Read the Poetic Edda
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12.3 – Norse Raids and Conquests (21 min video)
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12.3 – Read Abbo's Wars of Count Odo
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12.4 – Alfred the Great (32 min video)
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12.4 – Read Letter from Alfred the Great
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12.5 – The Norse and Christianity (24 min video)
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12.5 – Lesson 12 Portfolio
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12.5 – Lesson 12 Exam
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12.1 – The Ancient Norse and Their Myths (22 min video)
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13. Medieval Covenants: Feudalism and the Norman Conquest12 Steps
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13.1 – Feudal Terms and Covenants (23 min video)
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13.1 – Read a Bishop's Letter
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13.2 – Feudalism's Development and the Life of the Peasant (24 min video)
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13.2 – Read a Dialogue
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13.3 – The Saxons, Canute and Edward the Confessor (22 min video)
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13.3 – Read "The Battle of Maldon"
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13.4 – William of Normandy, Harold Godwinson and the Battle of Hastings (24 min video)
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13.4 – Read William of Malmesbury
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13.5 – William the Conqueror (10 min video)
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13.5 – Lesson 13 Portfolio
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13.5 – Lesson 13 Exam
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13.6 – Complete Family Tree and Heraldic Crest Project
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13.1 – Feudal Terms and Covenants (23 min video)
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14. Deus Vult: The First Crusade13 Steps
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14.1 – Chivalry and Introduction to the Crusades (21 min video)
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14.1 – Read The Song of Roland
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14.2 – The Contexts for the First Crusade (26 min video)
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14.2 – Read The Great German Pilgrimage
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14.3 – The Call to Crusade and the First Departures (30 min video)
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14.3 – Read Pope Urban II's Speech
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14.4 – The Journey of the Crusaders to Constantinople, Asia Minor and Antioch (19 min video)
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14.4 – Read The Siege and Capture of Nicea
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14.5 – The Conquest of Antioch and Jerusalem (20 min video)
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14.5 – Lesson 14 Portfolio
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14.5 – Lesson 14 Exam
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14.6 – Project 2: Thesis Paper (9 min video)
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14.6 – Choose Thesis Paper Topic & Begin Research
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14.1 – Chivalry and Introduction to the Crusades (21 min video)
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15. Outremer: Crusader Kingdoms and Later Crusades12 Steps
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15.1 – Outremer, the Military Orders and Zengi (33 min video)
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15.1 – Read Account by William of Tyre
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15.2 – The Second Crusade, Nur ed-Din and Saladin (32 min video)
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15.2 – Read Apologia For The Second Crusade
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15.3 – The Fall of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade (31 min video)
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15.3 – Read Richard the Lionheart Makes Peace with Saladin
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15.4 – The Fourth Crusade (19 min video)
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15.4 – Read The Sack of Constantinople
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15.5 – The Later Crusades (21 min video)
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15.5 – Lesson 15 Portfolio
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15.5 – Lesson 15 Exam
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15.6 – Thesis Statement Finished
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15.1 – Outremer, the Military Orders and Zengi (33 min video)
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16. The Music of the Spheres: Medieval Art, Towns, Cathedrals and Monks11 Steps
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16.1 – The Medieval Worldview (26 min video)
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16.1 – Read the Summa Theologica
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16.2 – Medieval Art (32 min video)
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16.2 – View the Cloisters Exhibit
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16.3 – Medieval Towns, Guilds and Cathedrals I (31 min video)
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16.3 – Read the Ipswich Domesday
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16.4 – Cathedrals II (35 min video)
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16.4 – View Notre-Dame Cathedral
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16.5 – Bernard of Clairvaux, Dominic and Francis of Assisi (28 min video)
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16.5 – Read Canticle of the Sun (in place of exam)
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16.5 – Lesson 16 Portfolio
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16.1 – The Medieval Worldview (26 min video)
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17. Wonder & Delight: Medieval Education, the Scholastics and Dante12 Steps
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17.1 – The Quadrivium (36 min video)
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17.1 – Read Principles of Music
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17.2 – Medieval Books, Universities and Science (33 min video)
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17.2 – Read On Experimental Science
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17.3 – Scholasticism: Anselm & Abelard (28 min video)
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17.3 – Read Proslogion
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17.4 – Scholasticism: Peter Lombard & Thomas Aquinas (21 min video)
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17.4 – Read Summa Theologica
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17.5 – Dante (31 min video)
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17.5 – Read The Divine Comedy (in place of exam)
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17.5 – Lesson 17 Portfolio
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17.6 – Thesis Outline Finished
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17.1 – The Quadrivium (36 min video)
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18. Just Rule and a Braveheart: Plantagenets, Common Law and the Scots11 Steps
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18.1 – Just War Theory, Henry II and Common Law (31 min video)
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18.1 – Read Laws of Henry II
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18.2 – Richard the Lionheart & John Lackland (25 min video)
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18.2 – Read the Magna Carta
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18.3 – Henry III & Edward Longshanks (27 min video)
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18.3 – Read Summonses to the Parliament
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18.4 – Scotland, Longshanks and William Wallace (35 min video)
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18.4 – Read the Declaration of Arbroath
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18.5 – Robert the Bruce and Scottish Independence (26 min video)
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18.5 – Lesson 18 Portfolio
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18.5 – Lesson 18 Exam
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18.1 – Just War Theory, Henry II and Common Law (31 min video)
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19. The Fracturing of Christendom I: Invasions, Wars and Plagues11 Steps
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19.1 – The Mongol Invasions (32 min video)
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19.1 – Read The Mongols
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19.2 – Tamerlane and the 100 Years War I (30 min video)
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19.2 – Read Account of the Battle of Crecy
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19.3 – The Black Death, the Albigensian Crusade and the Avignon Papacy (24 min video)
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19.3 – Read Boccaccio
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19.4 – The 100 Years War II, the Peasants' Revolt and Richard II (24 min video)
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19.4 – Read Chronicle of Peasants Revolt
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19.5 – William Langland & Geoffrey Chaucer (19 min video)
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19.5 – Read Canterbury Tales (in place of exam)
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19.5 – Lesson 19 Portfolio
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19.1 – The Mongol Invasions (32 min video)
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20. The Fracturing of Christendom II: The End of the Middle Ages12 Steps
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20.1 – The 100 Years War III and Henry V (28 min video)
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20.1 – Read Shakespeare
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20.2 – The 100 Years War IV and Joan of Arc (23 min video)
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20.2 – Read Joan of Arc Letter
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20.3 – Byzantium, the Ottoman Turks and the Fall of Constantinople (22 min video)
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20.3 – Read Fall of Constantinople
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20.4 – The War of the Roses (19 min video)
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20.4 – Read Ballad of Bosworth Field
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20.5 – Gutenberg, Caxton and Malory (16 min video)
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20.5 – Lesson 20 Portfolio
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20.5 – Lesson 20 Exam
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20.6 – Thesis Paper Finished
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20.1 – The 100 Years War III and Henry V (28 min video)
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21. Man the Measure I: The Renaissance12 Steps
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21.1 – Renaissance Worldview and Morality (28 min video)
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21.1 – Read Letters of Petrarch
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21.2 – Petrarch, Giotto, Cosimo de Medici and Ghiberti (20 min video)
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21.2 – Read Petrarch Poem
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21.3 – Brunelleschi, Donatello and Fra Angelico (24 min video)
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21.3 – Read Vasari
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21.4 – Lorenzo de Medici and Botticelli (20 min video)
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21.4 – Read Letter of Lorenzo de Medici
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21.5 – Leonardo da Vinci (26 min video)
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21.5 – View Da Vinci Exhibition (in place of exam)
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21.5 – Lesson 21 Portfolio
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21.6 – The Hour Project (5 min video)
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21.1 – Renaissance Worldview and Morality (28 min video)
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22. Man the Measure II: The Renaissance12 Steps
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22.1 – Ariosto and Machiavelli (29 min video)
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22.1 – Read Machiavelli
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22.2 – Rodrigo and Cesare Borgia (22 min video)
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22.2 – Read The Life of Cesare Borgia
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22.3 – Julius II, Saint Peter's Basilica and Leo X (17 min video)
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22.3 – View St. Peter's Basilica
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22.4 – Raphael de Santi (16 min video)
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22.4 – View Raphael's Room
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22.5 – Michelangelo di Buonarroti (26 min video)
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22.5 – View Sistine Chapel (in place of exam)
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22.5 – Lesson 22 Portfolio
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22.6 – Choose Hour Project Goal
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22.1 – Ariosto and Machiavelli (29 min video)
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23. The Morning Stars of the Reformation: Wycliffe to Erasmus11 Steps
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23.1 – John Wycliffe (33 min video)
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23.1 – Read Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards
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23.2 – Jan Hus (29 min video)
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23.2 – Read Jan Hus
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23.3 – Savonarola (21 min video)
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23.3 – Read Savonarola
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23.4 – The Mystics and the Brethren of the Common Life (20 min video)
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23.4 – Read The Imitation of Christ
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23.5 – Erasmus (30 min video)
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23.5 – Lesson 23 Portfolio
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23.5 – Lesson 23 Exam
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23.1 – John Wycliffe (33 min video)
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24. Justification by Faith: The Great Reformation11 Steps
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24.1 – Martin Luther I (25 min video)
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24.1 – Read Martin Luther
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24.2 – Martin Luther II (31 min video)
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24.2 – Read 95 Theses
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24.3 – Martin Luther III & Albrecht Durer (26 min video)
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24.3 – View Albrecht Durer
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24.4 – Ulrich Zwingli & Martin Bucer (23 min video)
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24.4 – Read Zwingli
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24.5 – John Calvin (27 min video)
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24.5 – Read John Calvin (in place of exam)
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24.5 – Lesson 24 Portfolio
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24.1 – Martin Luther I (25 min video)
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25. Towards a Proper End: Reformations and Counter-Reformations11 Steps
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25.1 – Henry VIII (34 min video)
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25.1 – Read the Act of Supremacy
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25.2 – The English Reformation, Edward VI and Mary I (24 min video)
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25.2 – Read Book of Common Prayer
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25.3 – The Counter-Reformation, the Jesuits and the Huguenots (29 min video)
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25.3 – Read Ignatius Loyola
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25.4 – Scotland, John Knox and Mary Queen of Scots (30 min video)
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25.4 – Read John Knox
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25.5 – Elizabeth I and Shakespeare (21 min video)
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25.5 – Read Queen Elizabeth and Shakespeare (in place of exam)
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25.5 – Lesson 25 Portfolio
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25.1 – Henry VIII (34 min video)
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26. Lex Rex: The English Civil War and the Scots12 Steps
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26.1 – James I & Divine Right (25 min video)
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26.1 – Read James I Speech
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26.2 – The Puritans, Charles I, the Scots and the National Covenant (28 min video)
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26.2 – Read Multiple Selections
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26.3 – Parliament, Civil War, the Westminster Assembly and Regicide (24 min video)
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26.3 – Read Westminster Confession of Faith
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26.4 – Cromwell, the Protectorate and Milton (26 min video)
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26.4 – Read Macauley & Milton
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26.5 – Charles II, James II and the Glorious Revolution (20 min video)
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26.5 – Read English Bill of Rights (in place of exam)
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26.5 – Final Portfolio
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26.6 – Hour Project Finished
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26.1 – James I & Divine Right (25 min video)
2.4 – Read Philippians
ASSIGNMENT:
- Read Philippians 1-4.
- Write a short essay or discuss with your instructor the following questions: How does Paul encourage the church in Philippi to live as Christ, to be humble and thankful, to be citizens of heaven, and to trust in God’s provision?
SELECTION: Philippians 1-4
1 Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus,
To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are at Philippi, with the overseers and deacons:
2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
3 I thank my God in all my remembrance of you, 4 always in every prayer of mine for you all making my prayer with joy, 5 because of your partnership in the gospel from the first day until now. 6 And I am sure of this, that he who began a good work in you will bring it to completion at the day of Jesus Christ. 7 It is right for me to feel this way about you all, because I hold you in my heart, for you are all partakers with me of grace, both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel. 8 For God is my witness, how I yearn for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. 9 And it is my prayer that your love may abound more and more, with knowledge and all discernment, 10 so that you may approve what is excellent, and so be pure and blameless for the day of Christ, 11 filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God.
12 I want you to know, brothers, that what has happened to me has really served to advance the gospel, 13 so that it has become known throughout the whole imperial guard and to all the rest that my imprisonment is for Christ. 14 And most of the brothers, having become confident in the Lord by my imprisonment, are much more bold to speak the word without fear.
15 Some indeed preach Christ from envy and rivalry, but others from good will. 16 The latter do it out of love, knowing that I am put here for the defense of the gospel. 17 The former proclaim Christ out of selfish ambition, not sincerely but thinking to afflict me in my imprisonment. 18 What then? Only that in every way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is proclaimed, and in that I rejoice.
Yes, and I will rejoice, 19 for I know that through your prayers and the help of the Spirit of Jesus Christ this will turn out for my deliverance, 20 as it is my eager expectation and hope that I will not be at all ashamed, but that with full courage now as always Christ will be honored in my body, whether by life or by death. 21 For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain. 22 If I am to live in the flesh, that means fruitful labor for me. Yet which I shall choose I cannot tell. 23 I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better. 24 But to remain in the flesh is more necessary on your account. 25 Convinced of this, I know that I will remain and continue with you all, for your progress and joy in the faith, 26 so that in me you may have ample cause to glory in Christ Jesus, because of my coming to you again.
27 Only let your manner of life be worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of you that you are standing firm in one spirit, with one mind striving side by side for the faith of the gospel, 28 and not frightened in anything by your opponents. This is a clear sign to them of their destruction, but of your salvation, and that from God. 29 For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake, 30 engaged in the same conflict that you saw I had and now hear that I still have.
2 So if there is any encouragement in Christ, any comfort from love, any participation in the Spirit, any affection and sympathy, 2 complete my joy by being of the same mind, having the same love, being in full accord and of one mind. 3 Do nothing from selfish ambition or conceit, but in humility count others more significant than yourselves. 4 Let each of you look not only to his own interests, but also to the interests of others. 5 Have this mind among yourselves, which is yours in Christ Jesus, 6 who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, 7 but emptied himself, by taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. 8 And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. 9 Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, 10 so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, 11 and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
12 Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling, 13 for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.
14 Do all things without grumbling or disputing, 15 that you may be blameless and innocent, children of God without blemish in the midst of a crooked and twisted generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world, 16 holding fast to the word of life, so that in the day of Christ I may be proud that I did not run in vain or labor in vain. 17 Even if I am to be poured out as a drink offering upon the sacrificial offering of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all. 18 Likewise you also should be glad and rejoice with me.
19 I hope in the Lord Jesus to send Timothy to you soon, so that I too may be cheered by news of you. 20 For I have no one like him, who will be genuinely concerned for your welfare. 21 For they all seek their own interests, not those of Jesus Christ. 22 But you know Timothy’s proven worth, how as a son with a father he has served with me in the gospel. 23 I hope therefore to send him just as soon as I see how it will go with me, 24 and I trust in the Lord that shortly I myself will come also.
25 I have thought it necessary to send to you Epaphroditus my brother and fellow worker and fellow soldier, and your messenger and minister to my need, 26 for he has been longing for you all and has been distressed because you heard that he was ill. 27 Indeed he was ill, near to death. But God had mercy on him, and not only on him but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow. 28 I am the more eager to send him, therefore, that you may rejoice at seeing him again, and that I may be less anxious. 29 So receive him in the Lord with all joy, and honor such men, 30 for he nearly died for the work of Christ, risking his life to complete what was lacking in your service to me.
3 Finally, my brothers, rejoice in the Lord. To write the same things to you is no trouble to me and is safe for you.
2 Look out for the dogs, look out for the evildoers, look out for those who mutilate the flesh. 3 For we are the circumcision, who worship by the Spirit of God and glory in Christ Jesus and put no confidence in the flesh— 4 though I myself have reason for confidence in the flesh also. If anyone else thinks he has reason for confidence in the flesh, I have more: 5 circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee; 6 as to zeal, a persecutor of the church; as to righteousness under the law, blameless. 7 But whatever gain I had, I counted as loss for the sake of Christ. 8 Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ 9 and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith— 10 that I may know him and the power of his resurrection, and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death, 11 that by any means possible I may attain the resurrection from the dead.
12 Not that I have already obtained this or am already perfect, but I press on to make it my own, because Christ Jesus has made me his own. 13 Brothers, I do not consider that I have made it my own. But one thing I do: forgetting what lies behind and straining forward to what lies ahead, 14 I press on toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus. 15 Let those of us who are mature think this way, and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal that also to you. 16 Only let us hold true to what we have attained.
17 Brothers, join in imitating me, and keep your eyes on those who walk according to the example you have in us. 18 For many, of whom I have often told you and now tell you even with tears, walk as enemies of the cross of Christ. 19 Their end is destruction, their god is their belly, and they glory in their shame, with minds set on earthly things. 20 But our citizenship is in heaven, and from it we await a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ, 21 who will transform our lowly body to be like his glorious body, by the power that enables him even to subject all things to himself.
4 Therefore, my brothers, whom I love and long for, my joy and crown, stand firm thus in the Lord, my beloved.
2 I entreat Euodia and I entreat Syntyche to agree in the Lord. 3 Yes, I ask you also, true companion, help these women, who have labored side by side with me in the gospel together with Clement and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the book of life.
4 Rejoice in the Lord always; again I will say, rejoice. 5 Let your reasonableness be known to everyone. The Lord is at hand; 6 do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God. 7 And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.
8 Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is just, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is commendable, if there is any excellence, if there is anything worthy of praise, think about these things. 9 What you have learned and received and heard and seen in me—practice these things, and the God of peace will be with you.
God’s Provision
10 I rejoiced in the Lord greatly that now at length you have revived your concern for me. You were indeed concerned for me, but you had no opportunity. 11 Not that I am speaking of being in need, for I have learned, in whatever situation I am, to be content. 12 I know how to be brought low, and I know how to abound. In any and every circumstance, I have learned the secret of facing plenty and hunger, abundance and need. 13 I can do all things through him who strengthens me.
14 Yet it was kind of you to share my trouble. 15 And you Philippians yourselves know that in the beginning of the gospel, when I left Macedonia, no church entered into partnership with me in giving and receiving, except you only. 16 Even in Thessalonica you sent me help for my needs once and again. 17 Not that I seek the gift, but I seek the fruit that increases to your credit. 18 I have received full payment, and more. I am well supplied, having received from Epaphroditus the gifts you sent, a fragrant offering, a sacrifice acceptable and pleasing to God. 19 And my God will supply every need of yours according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus. 20 To our God and Father be glory forever and ever. Amen.
21 Greet every saint in Christ Jesus. The brothers who are with me greet you. 22 All the saints greet you, especially those of Caesar’s household.
23 The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit.